What size wire for 15 amps?
14 AWG copper — at 75 °C terminals, NEC Table 310.16. Aluminum: 12 AWG.
A 15 A circuit needs 14 AWG copper, rated 20 A at 75 °C with a 15 A breaker cap under 240.4(D). NM-B cable at the 60 °C column gives the same answer.
Safety first. This is a starting point before derating, not a load calculation. Wire sizing affects fire and shock safety — verify against the current NEC and have circuits designed or reviewed by a licensed electrician for your jurisdiction.
15 amp wire size by material and terminal rating
| Material | 60 °C (NM-B) | 75 °C (typical) | 90 °C |
|---|---|---|---|
| copper | 14 AWG (15 A) | 14 AWG (20 A) | 14 AWG (25 A) |
| aluminum | 12 AWG (15 A) | 12 AWG (20 A) | 12 AWG (25 A) |
Sizes are the smallest conductor whose ampacity and NEC 240.4(D) breaker cap both reach 15 A, before any derating. Use the 75 °C column unless every terminal, breaker and device in the circuit is rated otherwise (NEC 110.14(C)).
If the load runs continuously
A load operating for three hours or more is a continuous load, and NEC 210.19(A)(1) requires the conductor to be sized at 125% of it — 15 A becomes 18.8 A for sizing purposes. That moves this circuit to 12 AWG copper , one or more sizes above the 14 AWG the plain table suggests. EV chargers, electric heat and commercial lighting are the loads this catches most often.
How far can a 15 amp circuit run?
The table above only prevents overheating. On a long run the limit is voltage arriving at the far end, and it bites well before ampacity does. These are the longest one-way runs for 14 AWG copper at 15 A within the 3% drop recommended by the NEC 210.19(A) informational note — and what going up to 12 AWG buys you.
| System | Typical use | 14 AWG | 12 AWG |
|---|---|---|---|
| 120 V | standard receptacle and lighting circuits | 48 ft | 76 ft |
| 240 V | ranges, dryers, EV chargers, feeders | 95 ft | 151 ft |
| 12 V DC | automotive, marine, solar and battery runs | 5 ft | 8 ft |
Single-phase, one-way distance, copper at 20 °C. Aluminum reaches its limit at roughly 60% of these distances. The 3% target is a recommendation, not a code requirement.
What runs on a 15 amp circuit
- general lighting
- bedroom and living-room receptacles
- smoke detectors
The catch at 15 amps
15 A is the smallest standard breaker, and 14 AWG copper is the smallest conductor permitted on it. There is no legal way to go thinner on a 15 A branch circuit.
Working the other way round? See how many amps 14 AWG carries , including its diameter, resistance and full run-length table.